The Case for Christ

BOOK SUMMARY The Case for delivery boy Lee Strobel. Pub. Zondervan Publishing House Ab surface the Author Lee Strobel, noble of Studies in Law from Yale Law School. Award-winning journalist & investigative newsperson for 13 yrs. at the Chicago Tribune. Pg. 303. His life changes when his wife be seeded players a the Naz arneian. He fears he will lose the fun-loving companion and fri end up he has cognise for years, provided sort of he is surprised by subtle changes in her character. This non only intrigues him yet prompts him to learn much astir(predicate) savior by using the same(p) logical and factual approach he follows while moveing as an investigative crime reporter.He starts his encyclopaedism quest as an unconvinced skeptic. His belowlying enquire is, Can a case for delivery humans be do beyond a equally doubt? To answer this, he sets out on a investigative mission. For nearly two years, he interviews legion(predicate) subject matter experts and scriptura l scholars to answer his questions with facts and evidence. His s despatchs in investigative reporting help uncover the faithfulness regarding the reliability of the creed. Introduction Who is rescuer? This comes down to two answers This man was, and is, the countersign of God or else a madman or something worse. differentiate 1 Examining the RecordTimeframe Skeptics Some scholars think the gospels were pen so out-of-the-way(prenominal) later on the events that subdivisi whizznd developed and distorted what was finally written down, crook messiah from merely a wise t for each oneer into the mythological news of God. Pg. 32 Answers The standard scholarly dating is that Acts was written by Luke in A. D. 61-63, because capital of Minnesota was still living and under house arrest in Rome. Since Acts is the 2nd of a two-part work, we k outright the 1st part the gospel of Luke moldiness reach been written earlier than that. And since Luke incorporates parts of the gospel of localize, that means Mark is even earlier.So if you allow one year for each writing, you end up with Mark written no later than much or less A. D. 60, a maximum gap of 30 yrs. after the Nazarene close. Pg. 34 Thats still within the life measures of unhomogeneous eyewitnesses of the life of the Nazarene, including hostile eyewitnesses who would have served as a corrective if false teachings virtually Jesus were going around. Pg. 33. witness testimony is the key here. The two earliest biographies of Alexander the Great were written by Arrian and Plutarch more than 400 years after Alexanders death in 323 B. C. , yet historians consider them to be trustworthy.So whether the gospels were written 60 yrs. or 30 yrs. after the life of Jesus, the good deal of time is negligible by comparison. Pg. 33. Character Test The gospel writers had zilch to gain except criticism, ostracism, and martyrdom. The certainly had nonhing to win financially. If anything this would have provided insisting to keep quiet, to deny Jesus, to downplay him, even to forget they ever met himyet, because of their integrity, they announced what they saw. Pg. 48. Eleven apostles were put to grisly deaths, which show deep conviction for what they believed and were preach regarding Jesus. Pg. 45 Consistency The gospels are extremely consistent with each other by ancient standards, which are the only standards by which its fair to judge them. Pg. 45 If the gospels were identical or as well as consistent, this would have raised awareness that the authors had conspired among themselves to coordinate their stories in advance, and that would have gag doubt on them. Pg. 45 The Adverse Witness Test some people had reasons for wanting to discredit this movement and would have do so if they could have but told level better. Pg. 51. Yet, look what his opponents did affirm.In later Judaic writings Jesus is called a sorcerer who led Israel astraywhich acknowledges that he really did work marvelous wonders, although the writers dispute the source of his power. They never say he did not work the written miracles. If critics could have attacked the movement on the basis that it was full of falsehoods or distortions, they would have. But, thats exactly what we dont reveal. Pg. 51 Corroborating evidence outside the Bible Josephus, Jewish historian, A. D. 37-100 Wrote more or less Jewish wars that have corroborated by other historians and archaeological excavations.Pg. 81 Writes about pile, brother of Jesus, who was called the Christ. Stoned to death in A. D. 62. Pg. 78 Wrote about Jesus the tribe of his Christian followers that had still to this day not disappeared. Pg. 79 Tacitus, a senator and a historian of the papist Empire, A. D. 56 117 Writes about Christ despicable extreme penalty during the reign of Tiberius at the hands of Pontius Pilatus. Refers to an ample multitude of Christ followers willing to die for their beliefs. Pg. 82 Pliny the Younger, Rom an citizen, and provincial governor, A.D. 23-79 Refers to rapid spread of Christianity among all classes of people, as well as Roman citizens that are send to Rome for trial. They have high honest standards and if they repeatedly admit they honor Christ as God they are executed. Thallus, a Greek historian, wrote in A. D. 52 a history of the Mediterranean world since the Trojan War. Referenced the total darkness at the time of the crucifixion. Pg. 84 Phlegon, a Greek author in A. D. 137 report about the undischargedest eclipse of the sun when it became night at high noon in A. D. 33. Pg. 85The Mishnah, the 1st part of the Talmud, an important Jewish work compiled in A. D. 200 regarding Judaisms Oral Law Refers to Jesus as a false messiah who practiced magic and was justly condemned to death. Pg. 86 gravestone Findings So if we didnt have any untested Testament or other Christian writings, we could conclude from non-Christian historical writings that 1. Jesus was a Jewish teac her 2. Many believed he performed healings and exorcisms 3. Some believed he was the the Nazarene 4. He was rejected by Jewish leaders 5. He was crucified under Pontius Pilate in the reign of Tiberius 6.His followers spread beyond Palestine to on that point were multitudes of them in Rome by A. D. 64 7. All types of people worshiped him as God. Pg. 87. The Scientific Evidence Archaeology found an inscription from the time of Tiberius, from A. D. 14-37 which name Lysanias as tetrarch in Abila near Damascusjust as Luke had written. Pg. 97 earth-closet mentions the Pool of Bethesda and details the pool had five porticoes. When archaeologists excavated in this spatial relation 40 feet below the ground, they found the pool site and 5 porticoes (walk ways) exactly as washstand had described.A fragment copy of John 18 was found in Egypt that papyrologists have dated to about A. D. 125. Pg. 99 wear out 2 Analyzing Jesus The Identity Evidence of Gospel Writings The hybridisation Pont ius Pilate inscribed INRI, an acronym for Jesus the Nazarene, King of the Jews. Pg. 135 The Psychological Evidence Gary Collins, Dr. in clinical psychology. People suffering form psychosis screening inappropriate emotions such as anxiety, depression or even anger. Jesus did not display any such emotions nor did he exhibit the misperceptions that plague people suffering from psychosis. Jesus did not show any symptoms of mental illness.Jesus support what he verbalize by his actionshealing, raising people from the dead and the mold out of demons. Pg. 153 Prophesy Fulfillment Louis Lapides, Jewish convert to Christianity. Grew up sentiment Jesus was more derogatory than anything else. After returning from Vietnam War, he experimented with various religions and drugs. Was challenged about his disbelief in Jesus which led him to read the antiquated Testament prophesies. Was amazed of all the prophesies that Jesus fulfilled Isaiah revealed the direction of the messiahs blood (of a virgin) Micah pinpointed the place of his birth (Bethlehem)Genesis and Jeremiah specified his ances undertake (a descendant of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, from the tribe of Judah, the house of David) The Psalms foretold his betrayal, his accusation by false witnesses, his manner of death (pierced in the hands and feet, although crucifixion hadnt been invented yet), and his resurrection (he would not decay but would ascent on high) and on and on (p. 179). Lapides goes on to earn a bachelors degree in theology and a master of divinity of theology. Pg. 173 Part 3 Researching the ResurrectionTo establish that Jesus rose from the dead, one must head start establish that he died on the cross. The Medical Evidence The gospels fall apart us that Jesus sudate blood. And being in anguish, he prayed more earnestly, and his sweat was like drops of blood falling to the ground. Luke 2244 Dr. Metherell, M. D. & PH. D. in Engineering. Pg. 193 In severe cases of anxiety, the ashes releases chem icals that break down the capillaries in the sweat glands. As a result, theres a small get along of bleeding into these glands, and the sweat comes out tinged with a very small come up of blood. Pg. 195According to the Dr. , when Jesus was nailed to the cross, his arms would have immediately been stretched about 6 inches in length, and both shoulders would have become dislocated. This fulfilled the senile Testament prophesy in Psalm 22, which foretold the Crucifixion hundreds of years forrader it took place and says, My bones are out of joint. When Jesus suffocated on the cross, a Roman soldier confirmed it by thrusting a calamus into his side, which likely went through his lung and into the heart. When the spear was pulled out, clear fluid and a bounteous volume of blood would have come out.Clear fluid from the lung and spacious amounts of blood from the heart. This was confirmed in John 1934 when John reported he saw blood and water come out Jesus side when the spear was r emoved. Pg. 199. The Dr. testified there would be no question that Jesus was dead at this point. Pg. 200. To speed up death, Romans would use a steel shaft to shatter the victims lower leg bones. This would balk the victim from pushing up with his legs to breathe. Jesus legs were not broken, because the soldiers already determined that he was dead, and they just used the spear to confirm it.John 1932-36 This fulfilled another Old Testament prophesy about the Messiah, which is that his bones would remain unbroken. Ps 3420. Pg. 200 Roman soldiers had all incentive to ensure crucified prisoners were dead when removed from the cross, because they would be put to death if a prisoner escaped. Pg. 201. Last of all, if Jesus did not die, and he in some manner walked away from the tomb, he would have been in such poor school and looked so pitiful that his followers would have felt sorry for him and try to nurse him back to health.They would never have been prompted to start a global mov ement based on the hope that someday they too would have a resurrected body like his. Pg. 202 The Evidence of the Missing Body Joseph of Arimathea takes to body of Jesus, puts it in a tomb, the tomb is visited by a small aggroup of women followers of Jesus early on the Sunday morning following his crucifixion, and they find that the tomb is empty. They see a vision of angels saying that Jesus has risen (p. 215). Recorded in Acts 1329-31 and prophesied in Ps. 1610. Pg. 219.In the earliest Jewish writings, there was nobody claiming the tomb still contained Jesus body. The question always was, What happened to the body? The Jews proposed the guards of the tomb fell asleep, while the Christians proclaim the guards were paid off to keep quiet. Pg. 221 The site of Jesus tomb was cognize to Christian and Jew alike. If it were not empty, it would have been impossible for a movement founded on belief in the Resurrection to have come into existence in the same city where this man had been publicly executed and buried. Pg. 20. The Evidence of Appearances Paul 5 B. C. 67 A. D. Wrote in both 1 Cor. 91 and in1 Cor. 158 where he personally encountered the resurrected Christ. Pg. 228. Persecuted Christians until his conversion sometime in A. D. 33. Refers to the fact that Jesus was a descendant of David, that he was the Messiah, that he was betrayed, that he was tried, crucified for our sins, and buried, and that he rose again on the third day and was seen by many peopleincluding James, the brother of Jesus who hadnt believed in him prior to his crucifixion. Pg. 8 1 Corinthians 158 is part of an early church building creed. In this portion of Scripture, the post-resurrection Jesus is said to have appeared to Peter, the twelve, plus more than five hundred people some of whom were still alive at the writing of this epistle. People reading this at the time could still offend with eye witnesses and question them if they wanted to confirm what it said. Pg. 229. This c reed terminate be traced back to about A. D. 32 to 38 which means it lends it trust as primitive, unembellished testimony about Jesus appearing to skeptics like Paul and James Pg. 30. Then they go on to cover the numerous sightings by other eye-witnesses mentioned in the gospels and the book of Acts. Pg. 234. Were the appearances hallucinations? Dr. Gary Habermas, PH. D. , considered expert on the resurrection. He refutes the theory that the appearances were hallucinations because a hallucination is an individual experience that happens to one person at a time. Pg. 238 The Circumstantial Evidence J. P. Moreland, PH. D. Professor and author. When Jesus was crucified, his followers were discouraged and depressed.They no longer had confidence that Jesus had been sent by God, because they believed anyone crucified was accursed by God. They also had been taught that God would not permit his Messiah suffer death. So they dispersed. The Jesus movement was all but stopped in its tracks. Pg. 246 Then, after a short period of time, we see them abandoning their occupations, regathering, and committing themselves to spreading a very specific messagethat Jesus Christ was the Messiah of God who died on a cross, returned to life, and was seen alive by them. Pg. 247 And when youve got cardinal credible people with no ulterior motives, with nothing to gain and a lot to lose, who all agree they observed something with their own eyesnow youve got some difficulty explaining that away Pg. 247. The Conversion of Skeptics The gospels tell us Jesus family, including James, was embarrassed by what he was claiming to be. Later the historian Josephus tells us that James was stoned to death because of his belief in his brother. Why did Jamess life change?Paul tells us the resurrected Jesus appeared to him. on that points no other explanation. Pg. 248 Saul executed Christians when he had the chance. Suddenly, he doesnt just ease off Christians but joins their movement. He writes t hat he saw the risen Christ and heard Christ appoint him to be one of his followers. Pg. 249 Revolutionizing Jewish Life for followers of Jesus Immediately after Jesus death, 10,000 Jews were willing to give up five key practices that had served them sociologically and theologically for many centuries 1.Jewish people no longer offered sacrifices they had been doing since the time of Abraham and Moses 2. You dont become an upcoming Jewish member simply by keeping Moses laws. 3. Worshipped on Sunday (when Jesus rose) instead of Saturday, a 1500 year tradition. 4. Began to worship Jesus as God (trinity) 5. The Messiah was someone who suffered and died for the sins of the world, whereas Jews had been trained to believe that the Messiah was going to be a political leader who would destroy the Roman armies. Pg. 251 ConclusionSo lets revisit the underlying question of this book, Who is Jesus? Lee Strobel reason out the evidence of history and his own experiences was too strong to ignore . He made a personal decision to receive Christ. Later, his five-year-old daughter went up to his wife and said, Mommy, I want God to do for me what hes done for Daddy. This book has helped strengthen my faith in Christ, by highlighting many intriguing historical facts and evidence that corroborates what is written in the Old and New Testament concerning Jesus.I will end with the books sound paragraph which cites a quote from C. S. Lewis, an atheist and skeptical Cambridge University professor who was last won over by evidence for Jesus. C. S. Lewis is most notably know for his best-selling book series The Chronicles of Narnia. I am trying to prevent anyone saying the really foolish thing that people often say about Him Im ready to accept Jesus as a great moral teacher, but I dont accept His claim to be God. That is the one thing we must not say. A man ho was merely a man and said the sort of things Jesus said would not be a great moral teacher. He would either be a lunaticor e lse he would be the Devil of Hell. You must make your choice. Either this man was, and is, the Son of God or else a madman or something worse. You erect shut Him up for a fool, you can spit at Him and kill Him as a demon or you can fall at His feet and call Him Lord and God. But let us not come with any patronizing nonsense about His being a great human teacher. He has not left that open to us. He did not intend to. Pg. 271.